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8.3 European Union: What does the law require?

The Digital Services Act requires platforms to protect minors, and the European Commission’s guidelines identify age assurance as a key measure for services carrying adult content and other age restricted risks. Before the DSA, GDPR and the AVMSD also created...

8.1 United Kingdom: Is it being enforced?

Yes, actively. Ofcom has opened dozens of investigations and issued its first fines against non compliant sites, and the large majority of the most visited adult services now operate age assurance for UK users. Ofcom and the Information Commissioner’s Office have...

8.0 United Kingdom: What does the law require?

Under the Online Safety Act, services that allow pornography have had to use highly effective age assurance since July 2025, and platforms likely to be accessed by children must protect them from other harmful content. Ofcom is the regulator. Its guidance names...